From what I researched, some people, on other older systems, solved this problem by installing mysql-devel, which in this case would be libmysqlclient-dev. However, I installed all the packages below that come in the file mysql-server_8.0.22-1ubuntu20.04_amd64.deb-bundle.tar, available at: https://dev.mysql.com/downloads/mysql/; and even so, the following message still occurs, when trying to configure before compiling: 'error: not found mysqlclient library'.
libmysqlclient21_8.0.22-1ubuntu20.04_amd64.deb
libmysqlclient-dev_8.0.22-1ubuntu20.04_amd64.deb
mysql-client_8.0.22-1ubuntu20.04_amd64.deb
mysql-common_8.0.22-1ubuntu20.04_amd64.deb
mysql-community-client_8.0.22-1ubuntu20.04_amd64.deb
mysql-community-client-core_8.0.22-1ubuntu20.04_amd64.deb
mysql-community-client-plugins_8.0.22-1ubuntu20.04_amd64.deb
mysql-community-server_8.0.22-1ubuntu20.04_amd64.deb
mysql-community-server-core_8.0.22-1ubuntu20.04_amd64.deb
mysql-community-server-debug_8.0.22-1ubuntu20.04_amd64.deb
mysql-community-test_8.0.22-1ubuntu20.04_amd64.deb
mysql-community-test-debug_8.0.22-1ubuntu20.04_amd64.deb
mysql-server_8.0.22-1ubuntu20.04_amd64.deb
mysql-testsuite_8.0.22-1ubuntu20.04_amd64.deb
libmysqlclient21_8.0.22-1ubuntu20.04_amd64.deb
libmysqlclient-dev_8.0.22-1ubuntu20.04_amd64.deb
mysql-client_8.0.22-1ubuntu20.04_amd64.deb
mysql-common_8.0.22-1ubuntu20.04_amd64.deb
mysql-community-client_8.0.22-1ubuntu20.04_amd64.deb
mysql-community-client-core_8.0.22-1ubuntu20.04_amd64.deb
mysql-community-client-plugins_8.0.22-1ubuntu20.04_amd64.deb
mysql-community-server_8.0.22-1ubuntu20.04_amd64.deb
mysql-community-server-core_8.0.22-1ubuntu20.04_amd64.deb
mysql-community-server-debug_8.0.22-1ubuntu20.04_amd64.deb
mysql-community-test_8.0.22-1ubuntu20.04_amd64.deb
mysql-community-test-debug_8.0.22-1ubuntu20.04_amd64.deb
mysql-server_8.0.22-1ubuntu20.04_amd64.deb
mysql-testsuite_8.0.22-1ubuntu20.04_amd64.deb
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