5 媒体类型

概述

媒体类型是与所有相关objects和object关系相关联的exported

导出

要export媒介类型,请执行以下操作:

  • 前往:管理媒介类型
  • 勾选要export的媒介类型复选框
  • 点击列表下方的导出

根据所选格式,媒体类型将被导出到本地 file 使用默认名称:

  • zabbix_export_mediatypes.yaml - YAML格式的export(默认选项) 对于export
  • zabbix_export_mediatypes.xml - XML格式 export
  • zabbix_export_mediatypes.json - JSON格式 export

导入

要import媒介类型,请执行以下操作:

  • 前往:管理媒介类型
  • 点击右侧的导入
  • 选择要import的file
  • 在import规则中标记所需选项
  • 点击导入

前端将显示import成功或失败的消息。

导入规则:

规则 描述
更新现有 现有元素将使用import的file中的数据更新。否则将不会更新。
创建新 import将使用import的file中的数据添加新元素。否则不会添加。
删除缺失 import将移除import的file中不存在的现有元素。否则不会移除。

导出格式

导出为YAML格式:

zabbix_export:
         version: '6.0'
         date: '2021-08-31T13:34:17Z'
         media_types:
           - name: Pushover
             type: WEBHOOK
             parameters:
               - name: endpoint
                 value: 'https://api.pushover.net/1/messages.json'
               - name: eventid
                 value: '{EVENT.ID}'
               - name: event_nseverity
                 value: '{EVENT.NSEVERITY}'
               - name: event_source
                 value: '{EVENT.SOURCE}'
               - name: event_value
                 value: '{EVENT.VALUE}'
               - name: expire
                 value: '1200'
               - name: message
                 value: '{ALERT.MESSAGE}'
               - name: priority_average
                 value: '0'
               - name: priority_default
                 value: '0'
               - name: priority_disaster
                 value: '0'
               - name: priority_high
                 value: '0'
               - name: priority_information
                 value: '0'
               - name: priority_not_classified
                 value: '0'
               - name: priority_warning
                 value: '0'
               - name: retry
                 value: '60'
               - name: title
                 value: '{ALERT.SUBJECT}'
               - name: token
                 value: '<PUSHOVER TOKEN HERE>'
               - name: triggerid
                 value: '{TRIGGER.ID}'
               - name: url
                 value: '{$ZABBIX.URL}'
               - name: url_title
                 value: Zabbix
               - name: user
                 value: '{ALERT.SENDTO}'
             max_sessions: '0'
             script: |
               try {
                   var params = JSON.parse(value),
                       request = new HttpRequest(),
                       data,
                       response,
                       severities = [
                           {name: 'not_classified', color: '#97AAB3'},
                           {name: 'information', color: '#7499FF'},
                           {name: 'warning', color: '#FFC859'},
                           {name: 'average', color: '#FFA059'},
                           {name: 'high', color: '#E97659'},
                           {name: 'disaster', color: '#E45959'},
                           {name: 'resolved', color: '#009900'},
                           {name: 'default', color: '#000000'}
                       ],
                       priority;
               
                   if (typeof params.HTTPProxy === 'string' && params.HTTPProxy.trim() !== '') {
                       request.setProxy(params.HTTPProxy);
                   }
               
                   if ([0, 1, 2, 3].indexOf(parseInt(params.event_source)) === -1) {
                       throw 'Incorrect "event_source" parameter given: "' + params.event_source + '".\nMust be 0-3.';
                   }
               
                   if (params.event_value !== '0' && params.event_value !== '1'
                       && (params.event_source === '0' || params.event_source === '3')) {
                       throw 'Incorrect "event_value" parameter given: ' + params.event_value + '\nMust be 0 or 1.';
                   }
               
                   if ([0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5].indexOf(parseInt(params.event_nseverity)) === -1) {
                       params.event_nseverity = '7';
                   }
               
                   if (params.event_value === '0') {
                       params.event_nseverity = '6';
                   }
               
                   priority = params['priority_' + severities[params.event_nseverity].name] || params.priority_default;
               
                   if (isNaN(priority) || priority < -2 || priority > 2) {
                       throw '"priority" should be -2..2';
                   }
               
                   if (params.event_source === '0' && isNaN(params.triggerid)) {
                       throw 'field "triggerid" is not a number';
                   }
               
                   if (isNaN(params.eventid)) {
                       throw 'field "eventid" is not a number';
                   }
               
                   if (typeof params.message !== 'string' || params.message.trim() === '') {
                       throw 'field "message" cannot be empty';
                   }
               
                   data = {
                       token: params.token,
                       user: params.user,
                       title: params.title,
                       message: params.message,
                       url: (params.event_source === '0') 
                           ? params.url + '/tr_events.php?triggerid=' + params.triggerid + '&eventid=' + params.eventid
                           : params.url,
                       url_title: params.url_title,
                       priority: priority
                   };
               
                   if (priority == 2) {
                       if (isNaN(params.retry) || params.retry < 30) {
                           throw 'field "retry" should be a number with value of at least 30 if "priority" is set to 2';
                       }
               
                       if (isNaN(params.expire) || params.expire > 10800) {
                           throw 'field "expire" should be a number with value of at most 10800 if "priority" is set to 2';
                       }
               
                       data.retry = params.retry;
                       data.expire = params.expire;
                   }
               
                   data = JSON.stringify(data);
                   Zabbix.log(4, '[ Pushover Webhook ] Sending request: ' + params.endpoint + '\n' + data);
               
                   request.addHeader('Content-Type: application/json');
                   response = request.post(params.endpoint, data);
               
                   Zabbix.log(4, '[ Pushover Webhook ] Received response with status code ' + request.getStatus() + '\n' + response);
               
                   if (response !== null) {
                       try {
                           response = JSON.parse(response);
                       }
                       catch (error) {
                           Zabbix.log(4, '[ Pushover Webhook ] Failed to parse response received from Pushover');
                           response = null;
                       }
                   }
               
                   if (request.getStatus() != 200 || response === null || typeof response !== 'object' || response.status !== 1) {
                       if (response !== null && typeof response === 'object' && typeof response.errors === 'object'
                               && typeof response.errors[0] === 'string') {
                           throw response.errors[0];
                       }
                       else {
                           throw 'Unknown error. Check debug log for more information.';
                       }
                   }
               
                   return 'OK';
               }
               catch (error) {
                   Zabbix.log(4, '[ Pushover Webhook ] Pushover notification failed: ' + error);
                   throw 'Pushover notification failed: ' + error;
               }
             description: |
               Please refer to setup guide here: https://git.zabbix.com/projects/ZBX/repos/zabbix/browse/templates/media/pushover
               
               Set token parameter with to your Pushover application key.
               When assigning Pushover media to the Zabbix user - add user key into send to field.
             message_templates:
               - event_source: TRIGGERS
                 operation_mode: PROBLEM
                 subject: 'Problem: {EVENT.NAME}'
                 message: |
                   Problem started at {EVENT.TIME} on {EVENT.DATE}
                   Problem name: {EVENT.NAME}
                   Host: {HOST.NAME}
                   Severity: {EVENT.SEVERITY}
                   Operational data: {EVENT.OPDATA}
                   Original problem ID: {EVENT.ID}
                   {TRIGGER.URL}
               - event_source: TRIGGERS
                 operation_mode: RECOVERY
                 subject: 'Resolved in {EVENT.DURATION}: {EVENT.NAME}'
                 message: |
                   Problem has been resolved at {EVENT.RECOVERY.TIME} on {EVENT.RECOVERY.DATE}
                   Problem name: {EVENT.NAME}
                   Problem duration: {EVENT.DURATION}
                   Host: {HOST.NAME}
                   Severity: {EVENT.SEVERITY}
                   Original problem ID: {EVENT.ID}
                   {TRIGGER.URL}
               - event_source: TRIGGERS
                 operation_mode: UPDATE
                 subject: 'Updated problem in {EVENT.AGE}: {EVENT.NAME}'
                 message: |
                   {USER.FULLNAME} {EVENT.UPDATE.ACTION} problem at {EVENT.UPDATE.DATE} {EVENT.UPDATE.TIME}.
                   {EVENT.UPDATE.MESSAGE}
                   
                   Current problem status is {EVENT.STATUS}, age is {EVENT.AGE}, acknowledged: {EVENT.ACK.STATUS}.
               - event_source: DISCOVERY
                 operation_mode: PROBLEM
                 subject: 'Discovery: {DISCOVERY.DEVICE.STATUS} {DISCOVERY.DEVICE.IPADDRESS}'
                 message: |
                   Discovery rule: {DISCOVERY.RULE.NAME}
                   
                   Device IP: {DISCOVERY.DEVICE.IPADDRESS}
                   Device DNS: {DISCOVERY.DEVICE.DNS}
                   Device status: {DISCOVERY.DEVICE.STATUS}
                   Device uptime: {DISCOVERY.DEVICE.UPTIME}
                   
                   Device service name: {DISCOVERY.SERVICE.NAME}
                   Device service port: {DISCOVERY.SERVICE.PORT}
                   Device service status: {DISCOVERY.SERVICE.STATUS}
                   Device service uptime: {DISCOVERY.SERVICE.UPTIME}
               - event_source: AUTOREGISTRATION
                 operation_mode: PROBLEM
                 subject: 'Autoregistration: {HOST.HOST}'
                 message: |
                   Host name: {HOST.HOST}
                   Host IP: {HOST.IP}
                   Agent port: {HOST.PORT}

元素标签

元素标签值在下表中进行说明。

元素 元素属性 必填 类型 范围1 描述
media_types - 媒体类型的根元素。
name x string 媒体类型名称。
type x string 0 - EMAIL
1 - SMS
2 - SCRIPT
4 - WEBHOOK
媒体类型使用的传输方式。
status - string 0 - ENABLED (default)
1 - DISABLED
媒体类型是否启用。
max_sessions - integer Possible values for SMS: 1 - (default)

Possible values for other media types: 0-100, 0 - unlimited
可并行处理的最大告警数量。
attempts - integer 1-10 (default: 3) 发送告警的最大尝试次数。
attempt_interval - string 0-60s (default: 10s) 重试尝试之间的间隔。

接受带后缀的秒数和时间单位。
description - string 媒体类型描述。
message_templates - 媒体类型消息模板的根元素。
event_source x string 0 - TRIGGERS
1 - DISCOVERY
2 - AUTOREGISTRATION
3 - INTERNAL
4 - SERVICE
事件来源。
operation_mode x string 0 - PROBLEM
1 - RECOVERY
2 - UPDATE
操作模式。
subject - string 消息主题。
message - string 消息正文。
Used only by email media type
smtp_server x string SMTP服务器。
smtp_port - integer Default: 25 连接的SMTP服务器端口。
smtp_helo x string SMTP helo。
smtp_email x string 发送通知的电子邮件地址。
smtp_security - string 0 - NONE (default)
1 - STARTTLS
2 - SSL_OR_TLS
使用的SMTP连接安全级别。
smtp_verify_host - string 0 - NO (default)
1 - YES
SMTP的SSL验证主机。如果smtp_security为STARTTLS或SSL_OR_TLS则为可选。
smtp_verify_peer - string 0 - NO (default)
1 - YES
SMTP的SSL验证对等端。如果smtp_security为STARTTLS或SSL_OR_TLS则为可选。
smtp_authentication - string 0 - NONE (default)
1 - PASSWORD
使用的SMTP认证方法。
username - string 用户名。
password - string 认证密码。
content_type - string 0 - TEXT
1 - HTML (default)
消息格式。
Used only by SMS media type
gsm_modem x string GSM调制解调器的串行设备名称。
Used only by script media type
script name x string 脚本名称。
parameters - 脚本参数的根元素。
Used only by webhook media type
script x string 脚本。
timeout - string 1-60s (default: 30s) Javascript脚本HTTP请求超时间隔。
process_tags - string 0 - NO (default)
1 - YES
是否处理返回的标签。
show_event_menu - string 0 - NO (default)
1 - YES
如果{EVENT.TAGS.*}在event_menu_url和event_menu_name字段中成功解析,此字段表示事件菜单中是否存在条目。
event_menu_url - string 事件菜单条目的URL。支持{EVENT.TAGS.*}宏。
event_menu_name - string 事件菜单条目的名称。支持{EVENT.TAGS.*}宏。
parameters - Webhook媒体类型参数的根元素。
name x string Webhook参数名称。
value - string Webhook参数值。
脚注

1 对于string值,仅会导出string(例如"EMAIL"),不包含本表中使用的编号。本表中范围值(对应API值)的编号仅用于排序目的。