Table of Contents

3 Installation from sources

3 Installation from sources

You can get the very latest version of Zabbix by compiling it from the sources.

A step-by-step tutorial for installing Zabbix from the sources is provided here.

1 Installing Zabbix daemons

1 Download the source archive

Go to the Zabbix download page and download the source archive. Once downloaded, extract the sources, by running:

tar -zxvf zabbix-7.4.0.tar.gz

Enter the correct Zabbix version in the command. It must match the name of the downloaded archive.

2 Create user account

All Zabbix daemon processes run under unprivileged system users. If a Zabbix daemon is started from an unprivileged user account, it will continue running as that user.

In the default configuration, if a daemon is started as root, it will switch to the zabbix user account, which must be present. To create a zabbix system user and group, run the commands listed below.

RedHat-based system:

groupadd --system zabbix
       useradd --system -g zabbix -d /usr/lib/zabbix -s /sbin/nologin -c "Zabbix Monitoring System" zabbix

Debian-based system:

addgroup --system --quiet zabbix
       adduser --quiet --system --disabled-login --ingroup zabbix --home /var/lib/zabbix --no-create-home zabbix

There is no need to create a separate user account for Zabbix frontend.

Security recommendation

If the Zabbix server and agent run on the same machine, it is recommended to run them under separate user accounts. Running both as the same user allows the agent to access the server's configuration file, which could expose sensitive information—such as the database password—to any Admin-level user in Zabbix.

Running Zabbix as root, bin, or any other account with special rights is a security risk.

Home directory (optional)

Zabbix processes do not require a home directory, so creating one is generally not recommended. However, if you need functionality that requires a home directory (for example, storing MySQL credentials in $HOME/.my.cnf), you can create it using the commands listed below.

On RedHat-based systems, run:

mkdir -m u=rwx,g=rwx,o= -p /usr/lib/zabbix
       chown zabbix:zabbix /usr/lib/zabbix

On Debian-based systems, run:

mkdir -m u=rwx,g=rwx,o= -p /var/lib/zabbix
       chown zabbix:zabbix /var/lib/zabbix

3 Create Zabbix database

For Zabbix server and proxy daemons, as well as Zabbix frontend, a database is required. It is not needed to run Zabbix agent.

SQL scripts are provided for creating database schema and inserting the dataset. Zabbix proxy database needs only the schema while Zabbix server database requires also the dataset on top of the schema.

Having created a Zabbix database, proceed to the following steps of compiling Zabbix.

4 Configure the sources

C99 with GNU extensions is required for building Zabbix server, Zabbix proxy or Zabbix agent. This version can be explicitly specified by setting CFLAGS="-std=gnu99":

export CFLAGS="-std=gnu99"

If installing from Zabbix Git repository, it is required to run first:

./bootstrap.sh

When configuring the sources for a Zabbix server or proxy, you must specify the database type to be used. Only one database type can be compiled with a server or proxy process at a time.

To see all of the supported configuration options, inside the extracted Zabbix source directory run:

./configure --help

To configure the sources for a Zabbix server and agent, you may run something like:

./configure --enable-server --enable-agent --with-mysql --enable-ipv6 --with-net-snmp --with-libcurl --with-libxml2 --with-openipmi --with-ares

To configure the sources for a Zabbix server (with PostgreSQL etc.), you may run:

./configure --enable-server --with-postgresql --with-net-snmp

To configure the sources for a Zabbix proxy (with SQLite etc.), you may run:

./configure --prefix=/usr --enable-proxy --with-net-snmp --with-sqlite3 --with-ssh2

To configure the sources for a Zabbix agent, you may run:

./configure --enable-agent

or, for Zabbix agent 2:

./configure --enable-agent2

A configured Go environment with a supported Go version is required for building Zabbix agent 2.

Notes on compilation options:

Command-line utilities zabbix_get and zabbix_sender are compiled if --enable-agent option is used.
--with-libcurl and --with-libxml2 configuration options are required for virtual machine monitoring; --with-libcurl is also required for SMTP authentication and web.page.* Zabbix agent items. Note that cURL 7.20.0 or higher is required with the --with-libcurl configuration option.
Zabbix always compiles with the PCRE2 library; installing it is not optional. --with-libpcre2=[DIR] only allows pointing to a specific base install directory, instead of searching through a number of common places for the libpcre2 files.
You may use the --enable-static flag to statically link libraries. If you plan to distribute compiled binaries among different servers, you must use this flag to make these binaries work without required libraries. Note that --enable-static does not work in Solaris.
Using --enable-static option is not recommended when building server. In order to build the server statically, you must have a static version of every external library needed. There is no strict check for that in configure script.
Add optional path to the MySQL configuration file --with-mysql=/<path_to_the_file>/mysql_config to select the desired MySQL client library when there is a need to use one that is not located in the default location. It is useful when there are several versions of MySQL installed or MariaDB installed alongside MySQL on the same system.

If ./configure fails due to missing libraries or some other circumstance, please see the config.log file for more details on the error. For example, if libssl is missing, the immediate error message may be misleading:

checking for main in -lmysqlclient... no
       configure: error: Not found mysqlclient library

While config.log has a more detailed description:

/usr/bin/ld: cannot find -lssl
       /usr/bin/ld: cannot find -lcrypto

5 Make and install everything

If installing from Zabbix Git repository, it is required to run first:

$ make dbschema

make install

This step should be run as a user with sufficient permissions (commonly 'root', or by using sudo).

Running make install will by default install the daemon binaries (zabbix_server, zabbix_agentd, zabbix_proxy) in /usr/local/sbin and the client binaries (zabbix_get, zabbix_sender) in /usr/local/bin.

To specify a different location than /usr/local, use a --prefix key in the previous step of configuring sources, for example --prefix=/home/zabbix. In this case daemon binaries will be installed under <prefix>/sbin, while utilities under <prefix>/bin. Man pages will be installed under <prefix>/share.

6 Review and edit configuration files

edit the Zabbix agent configuration file /usr/local/etc/zabbix_agentd.conf

You need to configure this file for every host with zabbix_agentd installed.

You must specify the Zabbix server IP address in the file. Connections from other hosts will be denied.

edit the Zabbix server configuration file /usr/local/etc/zabbix_server.conf

You must specify the database name, user and password (if using any).

The rest of the parameters will suit you with their defaults if you have a small installation (up to ten monitored hosts). You should change the default parameters if you want to maximize the performance of Zabbix server (or proxy) though.

if you have installed a Zabbix proxy, edit the proxy configuration file /usr/local/etc/zabbix_proxy.conf

You must specify the server IP address and proxy hostname (must be known to the server), as well as the database name, user and password (if using any).

With SQLite the full path to database file must be specified; DB user and password are not required.

7 Start up the daemons

Run zabbix_server on the server side.

zabbix_server

Make sure that your system allows allocation of 36MB (or a bit more) of shared memory, otherwise the server may not start and you will see "Cannot allocate shared memory for <type of cache>." in the server log file. This may happen on FreeBSD, Solaris 8.

Run zabbix_agentd on all the monitored machines.

zabbix_agentd

Make sure that your system allows allocation of 2MB of shared memory, otherwise the agent may not start and you will see "Cannot allocate shared memory for collector." in the agent log file. This may happen on Solaris 8.

If you have installed Zabbix proxy, run zabbix_proxy.

zabbix_proxy

2 Installing Zabbix web interface

Copying PHP files

Zabbix frontend is written in PHP, so to run it a PHP supported webserver is needed. Installation is done by simply copying the PHP files from the ui directory to the webserver HTML documents directory.

Common locations of HTML documents directories for Apache web servers include:

/usr/local/apache2/htdocs (default directory when installing Apache from source)
/srv/www/htdocs (OpenSUSE, SLES)
/var/www/html (Debian, Ubuntu, Fedora, RHEL)

It is suggested to use a subdirectory instead of the HTML root. To create a subdirectory and copy Zabbix frontend files into it, execute the following commands, replacing the <htdocs> with actual directory:

mkdir <htdocs>/zabbix
       cd ui
       cp -a . <htdocs>/zabbix

If planning to use any other language than English, see Installation of additional frontend languages for instructions.

Installing frontend

Please see Web interface installation page for information about Zabbix frontend installation wizard.

3 Installing Java gateway

It is required to install Java gateway only if you want to monitor JMX applications. Java gateway is lightweight and does not require a database.

To install from sources, first download and extract the source archive.

To compile Java gateway, run the ./configure script with --enable-java option. It is advisable that you specify the --prefix option to request installation path other than the default /usr/local, because installing Java gateway will create a whole directory tree, not just a single executable.

./configure --enable-java --prefix=$PREFIX

To compile and package Java gateway into a JAR file, run make. Note that for this step you will need javac and jar executables in your path.

make

Now you have a zabbix-java-gateway-$VERSION.jar file in src/zabbix_java/bin. If you are comfortable with running Java gateway from src/zabbix_java in the distribution directory, then you can proceed to instructions for configuring and running Java gateway. Otherwise, make sure you have enough privileges and run make install.

make install

Proceed to setup for more details on configuring and running Java gateway.

4 Installing Zabbix web service

Installing Zabbix web service is only required if you want to use scheduled reports.